KANONARA

Prose craft

Zeugma

The use of one word to modify or govern two or more words or phrases, one reading literal and the other figurative.

Zeugma, Greek zeûgma, "a yoking together," "is the use of a word to modify or govern two or more words or phrases": one verb reaching two objects, one reading literal and the other figurative. Syllepsis "is a form of zeugma used in such a manner that it applies to each word or phrase in a different sense." The canon from the article: Pope's Queen Anne, who "Dost sometimes Counsel take – and sometimes Tea"; Dickens's Miss Bolo, who went home "in a flood of tears and a sedan-chair"; Twain's boys, who "covered themselves with dust and glory."

For the prose writer zeugma is wit compressed into syntax: the distance between the two senses is the joke, and the figure prices at one per scene before it turns precious. It is juxtaposition built into a sentence, and overused it is one seed of purple prose.

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